A-Level Maths | Sequences & Series
What do the letters mean?
- n: the term e.g. n=4 means we are talking about the 4th term in the sequence
- a: first term
- l: last term
- d: common difference (the difference in arithmetic sequences)
- r: common ratio (the multiplier in geometric sequences)
Arithmetic Sequences
Arithmetic sequences: a common difference gets added to each member e.g. 10, 12, 14, 16
- nth term: a + (n - 1)d
- sum of first n terms: 0.5n [2a + (n - 1)d ]
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Geometric Sequences
Geometric sequences: a common ratio gets multiplied to each member e.g. 10, 15, 22.5
- nth term: arn - 1
- sum of first n terms: a(1 - rn)/ (1-r)
- sum of first n terms: a(rn - 1)/ (r-1)
- sum to infinity: a/(1 - r)
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