I will be updating this page throughout the year with model paragraphs (including key points, diagram, analysis, and evaluation) for all topics stated below.
This is to help students feel confident writing paragraphs for each topic, and also realise that it doesn't take much to write a perfect exam answer - as most exam answers would be made up by a combination of these model paragraphs.
A-Level Economics 2025 Resources
A-Level Microeconomics Model Paragraphs
- Demand, supply and elasticity
- Economies of scale
- Behavioural economics
- Bounded rationality and bounded self-control
- Behavioural policies
- Market failure
- Government intervention
- Indirect tax
- Subsidy
- Maximum price
- Minimum price
- State provision
- Provision of info for demerit goods
- Provision of info for merit goods
- Behavioural economics for demerit goods
- Leave it to market forces
- Business objectives
- Profit maximisation
- Revenue maximisation
- Market structures
- Monopoly
- Natural monopoly
- Monopolistic competition
- Perfect competition
- Competitive oligopoly
- Collusive oligopoly
- Price discrimination
- Regulation of monopolies
- Privatisation
- Nationalisation
- Subsidise new entrants
- Price caps
- Labour markets
- Causes of wage differentials
- Government intervention and trade union impact
- Minimum wage in a competitive labour market
- Education and training in a competitive labour market
- Minimum wage in a monopsony labour market
- Inequality
- Leave it to the market
- Progressive tax and benefits
- Education and training
- State provision
- Minimum wages
A-Level Macroeconomics Model Paragraphs
- The four main macroeconomic objectives
- Aggregate demand and aggregate supply
- Demand and supply-side Policies
- International economics
- Impact of a current account deficit
- Impact of a current account surplus
- Causes of a currency depreciation
- Causes of a currency appreciation
- Impact of a currency depreciation
- Impact of a currency appreciation
- Floating exchange rates
- Fixed exchange rates
- Advantages of globalisation and free trade
- Disadvantages of globalisation and free trade
- Impact of tariffs
- Policies used to reduce a current account deficit
- Supply-side policies
- Tariffs
- Currency devaluation
- Economic development
- Causes of high/low economic development
- Primary product dependency
- Savings
- Access to credit
- Poor infrastructure, education and skills
- Absence of property rights
- Strategies to promote economic development
- Market-based policies
- Interventionist policies
- Causes of poverty and inequality
- Causes of high/low economic development
- Financial markets
- Components of financial market failure
- Liquidity crisis
- Bank run
- Systemic risk
- Moral hazard and externalities
- Global financial crisis
- Protection against financial market failure
- The Bank of England (lender of last resort)
- PRA, FCA, FPC
- Components of financial market failure