Explain two factors that could cause a fall in consumption

Extract C (lines 3–4) states: ‘Household consumption accounts for approximately 60% of aggregate demand so has a vital role to play in the economy.’ Explain two factors that could cause a fall in consumption. (June 2020)

Paragraph 1 example

  • one factor is if the Bank of England raise interest rates
  • interest rates are the cost of borrowing or the reward for saving
  • if interest rates are higher
  • people are more incentivised to save
  • and less incentivised to borrow
  • therefore there will be a fall in consumer spending
  • if there is a fall in consumer spending, there will be a fall in AD
  • because AD = C+I+G+(X-M)
  • left shift in AD diagram